Views: 1881 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-10-12 Origin: Site
Rotary joint is a commonly used mechanical transmission device, mainly used to connect two rotating shafts to give them relative rotational ability. The working principle of rotary joints is based on the principles of mechanical kinematics and tribology, and the transmission of torque and smooth rotation between rotating axes are achieved through a well-designed structure and related components.
1、 Structural composition
Rotary joints are usually composed of multiple parts such as inner and outer rings, rollers, steel balls, and retainers. The inner and outer rings are the main parts that bear the rotational torque, while the rollers and steel balls are responsible for transmitting torque and reducing friction, maintaining the role of the fixed and stable parts. These components are precision machined and assembled to form a complete rotary joint.
2、 Working principle
The working principle of rotary joints is similar to traditional rolling bearings, mainly including two motion modes: rolling and sliding.
1. Rolling motion
When there is relative rotational motion between the outer and inner rings, the rollers and steel balls are in a rolling state. The rolling contact of rollers can effectively reduce friction and convert it into rolling resistance. This can reduce energy consumption and wear to a certain extent. At this time, the torque borne by the roller is related to the rotational difference between the inner and outer rings, and the contact point between the roller and the inner and outer rings constantly changes, achieving the effect of smooth torque transmission.
2. Sliding motion
In special circumstances, such as when subjected to vertical torque or insufficient lubricant, there may be momentary sliding between the roller and the inner and outer rings. Sliding behavior mainly relies on the action of lubricants, reducing friction by increasing the contact area between the roller and the inner and outer rings, and achieving torque transmission. In the sliding state, the lubricant not only acts as a lubricant, but also absorbs and disperses the heat generated, ensuring the stability of the joint transmission.
3、 Key factors
1. Material selection
The material selection of rotary joints should consider the requirements of the application environment, and choose high-strength and wear-resistant materials. Common materials include alloy steel, stainless steel, etc.
2. Structural design
Reasonable structural design is a prerequisite for the successful operation of rotary joints, taking into account factors such as the fit clearance between the inner and outer rings, the size of the rollers and steel balls, etc. Meanwhile, the design of the retaining frame is also crucial, as it can enhance the stability and load-bearing capacity of the entire joint.
3. Lubricants
Lubricants are crucial for the normal operation of rotary joints, as they can reduce friction and wear, lower noise, cool and lubricate joints, and resist corrosion and prevent oxidation.
4、 Application Fields
Rotary joints are widely used in various mechanical equipment, such as excavators, tower cranes, logistics equipment, construction machinery, etc. They can achieve rotational connection between two axes in a small space, enabling the device to work efficiently and smoothly in complex environments.
In summary, a rotary joint is a device that achieves rotational transmission through rolling and sliding motion. Its working principle is based on the principles of tribology and mechanics. Through reasonable structural design and the use of lubricants, it achieves torque transmission and smooth rotation, and is widely used in different mechanical equipment.